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ROCK 'N ROLL BIOGRAPHY

THE MONKEES

Formed: 1965 in Los Angeles, California
Years Active: 1965 - 1969, 1985 - 1986, 1995 -1996
Group's Main Members: Michael Nesmith, Peter Tork, Mickey Dolenz, Davy Jones

The Monkees would have to go down as one of the most successful TV rock ideas ever. After all, that was how they began, as an idea for a TV show mold after the Beatles movie, A Hard Days' Night. A TV show about four poor hippie band members, with lots of slapstick comedy and of course, music too.The fact that this manufactured group turned into a real band and had a whole bunch of big hits is really, well, far out!

Screen Gems executive Don Kirshner came up with the idea after seeing the Beatle movie and hired producers Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider to begin auditions for the show in 1965. An ad was placed in Variety, and amongst the 437 applications were Stephen Stills, Danny Hutton (later of Three Dog Night ),  Harry Nilsson and Paul Williams. Only one Monkee would be found from the auditions, guitarist and songwriter Michael Nesmith,  who's song "Different Drum" was a then current top ten hit for Linda Ronstadt and the Stone Poneys. Hired later from other sources were folk singer - guitarist Peter Tolk, and actors Mickey Dolenz (who started out as a child actor), and Davy Jones, who didn't know how to play a note of music. They were hired first and foremost as actors for the TV show, and musicians second. It was decided for the show that the members would be portrayed as followed: Nesmith as the lead guitarist, Tolk as the bassist, Dolenz, who could play guitar, was first gonna be the rhythm guitarist, but Jones, who was to be the drummer, was too small to sit behind a drum kit and still be seen. So Dolenz, who never before played the drums, took that part and Jones, well, he was placed out front as the cute one. All four would take turns at lead vocals, as it turned out, the two actors,  Jones and Dolenz, were the better singers and in time would get most of the lead vocals with Nesmith handling the vocals on the country rock tunes.

On September 12, 1966, the first episode of The Monkees was aired by NBC-TV and in an short time the show was a hit both in the US and the UK. Their self titled debut album was also a huge hit, selling over a million copies, as was its single, "Last Train To Clarksville" (US number 1). Most of the songs were written by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart, and Carole King & Gerry Goffin, with just one song, "Papa Gene's Blues" written by Nesmith. Their next album, More Of The Monkees' also was a big hit and its single, "I'm A Believer"  went to number one in both the US and UK. They were suddenly the latest and biggest teenage phenomenon (and this being the mid 60s, there were lots of teenagers). However the band did not like the fact that they were not allowed to play on their albums, and they came clean to their fans about this on their own after the second albums' release. Yeah, that was them singing on the first two albums, but except for Nesmith and Tolk playing guitar on the three Nesmith penned songs, all the other music was played by session players. Since the show was now a hit, they got their way when they demanded that for the next album, Headquarters, they would all play most of the instruments with just a limited number of session man backing them. Headquarters would prove that the Monkees did indeed have more than just acting talent, by far their best album. Nesmith would supply three new songs plus lead and steel guitar to the album, Tolk added guitar, keyboards, banjo, bass and one penned song. Dolenz by now was not bad on the drums, he also played guitar on the album, plus wrote the album's closing number and Jones, well, he learned to shake the maracas real nice, but really, he was the band's best singer. Headquarters was released in May of '67 and was a huge hit and a really nice piece of work from the boys. The Monkees were not just a TV singing group anymore, but now a real band. They went on tour after the album release and played for real in front of their fans. This tour featured the famous, if not totally out of aliment pairing of the Monkees and Jimi Hendrix. Hendrix, who was still unknown, opened for the Monkees. In November of '67 the Monkees released their fourth album, Pisces, Aquarius, Capricorn And Jones Ltd. which, dare I say, was a psychedelic masterpiece. The album did have a  bit of country rock on it, but more psychedelic tunes. One of those psychedelic songs "Daily Nightly", was the very first rock song to use the new Moog synthesizer (which was the very first synthesizer), played by Dolenz. "Pleasant Valley Sunday" was another number one hit and the Nilsson cover song "Cuddly Toy" was also well recieved.

Things would start to wind down for the group in 1968. On March 25, their final TV episode was screened and the next month their next album, The Birds, The Bees And The Monkees was a disappointment as they returned to using more session musicians to record most of the album. But the album did spawn two big hit singles "Daydream Believer" and "Valleri", with most of the lead vocals on these two sung by Jones. "Valleri" in fact had been recorded back in '66 and only featured Jones on it. Next, The Monkees embarked on a feature film, Head, which upon its release got poor reviews and seemed to be viewed by noone. Tolk left the band after Head's release and the remaining trio continued on without him. They released two more albums that bombed and the band, now going nowhere fast, broke up in '69. They reunited in 1985 (minus Nesmith) for a successful tour, but the new studio album they released,  Pool It was horrendous and they broke up the next year. In 1995 all four of the Monkees reunited for an UK tour and released a new studio album in '96, Justus. The album was the first Monkees album to feature all original material from the group members and was produced by Nesmith. It got good reviews and was a minor hit. It was nice to see the entire band back together recording again after so many years.

- Keno, 2000

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